Soil–pipeline interaction along unstable slopes: a coupled three-dimensional approach. Part 1: Theoretical formulation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pipelines buried along potentially unstable slopes are often monitored because soil movements can induce an evolution of the state of stress within the pipe that can eventually result in the loss of the serviceability of the system or even in its failure. In the present paper, the pipeline is discretised by means of a series of three-dimensional beam finite elements and the soil–pipeline interaction is reproduced by means of macroelements independent from each other, but characterized by a failure condition in which coupling among the different loading components is taken into account. The soil–pipeline interaction problem is formulated by accounting for the geometry of the slope, the soil and pipe mechanical properties, and the imposed soil displacement profile. A convenient piecewise linear formulation for the macroelement constitutive relationship is adopted and a large displacements scheme is also formulated.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it