Financial Islamic Banking Development and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Jordan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, an attempt has been conducted to explore the relation between financial Islamic banking development (FIBD) and economic growth (EG) of Jordan over the periods of 1980–2012. Two models have been formulated to indicate this relation within the context of VECM framework. For this purpose, FINC and DEPT are used as a measure of FIBD, while RGDP used as an indicator of EG. The results show that there is bi-directional long-run Granger causality between RGDP and FINC reflecting a positive contribution of Jordanian Islamic banks in financing the process of Jordanian social and economic development. The relation appears to be unidirectional relation between RGDP and DEPT running from RGDP to DEPT reflects the excess liquidity problem that all Jordanian Islamic banks suffer from it. With regarding to short-run causality there isn’t any significant relations between FIBD and EG. Taken together, these empirical findings involve valuable information for Jordanian policy makers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".