A column experiment for groundwater remediation post-mine closure at the Wolverine Mine, Yukon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research is presented that evaluates a semi-passive treatment system for remediation of\ncontaminated groundwater with elevated dissolved metal concentrations, including selenium and\nsulphate, at the Wolverine Mine, Yukon. Laboratory up-flow columns were used to treat\nsimulated mine impacted waters. Five columns were filled with varying compositions of gravel\nand creek substrate organics, and were un-amended or amended with manure, sewage sludge,\nzero-valent iron, or wood chips and alfalfa. Selenium, sulphate and other parameters of concern\nwere lowered in column effluents, most effectively by the control column and by the columns\namended with sewage sludge. Column effluent metal and sulphate concentrations provided\nevidence that co-precipitation, adsorption and microbially mediated redox reactions were the\npredominant biogeochemical mechanisms operating within the columns. Based on this research,\nrecommendations are made to further the design of a semi-passive treatment system that may be\ninstalled at the mine site upon closure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".