Extraction of Hybrid Complex Wavelet Features for the Verification of Handwritten Numerals
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel hybrid feature extraction method is proposed for the verification of handwritten numerals. The hybrid features consist of one set of two dimensional complex wavelet transform (2D-CWT) coefficients and one set of geometrical features. As 2D-CWT does not only keep wavelet transform's properties of multiresolution decomposition analysis and perfect reconstruction, but also adds its new merits: its magnitudes being insensitive to the small image shifts and multiple directional selectivity, which are useful for handwritten numeral feature extraction. Experiments demonstrated that the features extracted by our proposed method could make the ANN classifier more reliable and convergence easily. A high verification performance has been observed in the series of experiments on handwritten numeral pairs and clusters.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it