Photic and nonphotic circadian phase resetting in a diurnal primate, the common marmoset
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Despite the considerable literature on circadian entrainment, there is little information on this subject in diurnal mammals. Contributing to this lack of understanding is the problem of separating photic from nonphotic (behavioral) phase-resetting events in diurnal species. In the present study, photic phase resetting was obtained in diurnal common marmosets held under constant dim light (DimDim; <0.5 lx) by using a 20-s pulse of bright light to minimize time available for behavioral arousal. This stimulus elicited phase advances at circadian time (CT) 18-22 and phase delays at CT9-12. Daily presentation of these 20-s pulses produced entrainment with a phase angle of approximately 11 h (0 h = activity onset). Nonphotic phase resetting was obtained under DimDim with the use of a 1-h-induced activity pulse, consisting of intermittent cage agitation and water sprinkling, delivered in total darkness to minimize photic effects. This stimulus caused phase delays at CT20-24, and entrainment to a scheduled daily regimen of these pulses occurred with a phase angle of approximately 0 h. These results indicate that photic and nonphotic phase-response curves (PRCs) of marmosets are similar to those of nocturnal rodents and that nonphotic PRCs are keyed to the phase of the suprachiasmatic nucleus pacemaker, not to the phase of the activity-rest cycle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".