Denitrification during the growing season as influenced by long-term application of composted versus fresh feedlot manure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Miller, J. J., Beasley, B. W., Drury, C. F. and Zebarth, B. J. 2012. Denitrification during the growing season as influenced by long-term application of composted versus fresh feedlot manure. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 865–882. Application of composted (new practice) rather than fresh (current industry standard) feedlot manure to cropland is increasing in Alberta. We hypothesized that fall application of composted feedlot manure to cropland may lower growing season denitrification losses of nitrogen (N) to the atmosphere compared with fresh feedlot manure because of lower carbon (C) availability from labile C (water-soluble C, acetic acid) and total organic C. Treatments included soil amended with either fresh (FM) or composted manure (CM) containing straw bedding applied annually at 77 Mg ha−1 yr−1 from 1998 to 2009, as well as an unamended control. Surface soil denitrification was measured every 2 wk (May 20 to Sep. 25) for 4 yr (2007–2010) on undisturbed soil cores (0- to 10-cm depth) that were incubated in...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".