Clusters of circulating Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains and association with antimicrobial resistance in Shanghai
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: (i) To distinguish Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Shanghai by porB typing; (ii) to ascertain the congruence of porB DNA sequence typing with cases linked epidemiologically; (iii) to determine the association of specific PorB mutations with antimicrobial resistance to penicillin or tetracycline. METHODS: porB DNA sequences of 174 N. gonorrhoeae isolates, collected from 143 male patients and 31 female sexual partners in Shanghai were determined. Phylogenetic analysis was used to determine sequence associations and concordance with epidemiologically linked cases. PorB protein sequences were compared with the wild-type sequence to identify mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance to penicillin and tetracycline. RESULTS: porB1a genotypes comprised 27.0% of the isolates and included 15 distinct DNA sequences, while 73.0% of the isolates carried porB1b genotypes with 63 distinct DNA sequences. porB DNA sequence typing was congruent with patient-reported sexual contacts. In addition, porB DNA sequence analysis revealed a number of strains with identical DNA sequences not identified through traditional epidemiological methods. The porB1b isolates had a significantly higher percentage of chromosomally mediated resistance to tetracycline and higher MIC50s to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. G120K/A121D mutations were observed in 71.1% of PIB isolates and were associated with resistance to penicillin and/or tetracycline. The majority of the PIA isolates (82.1%) also carried G120D/A121G double mutations. The index of discrimination for porB DNA sequence analysis was 95%. CONCLUSIONS: The porB1b genotype was found to be predominant in Shanghai. porB DNA sequence typing was sufficiently discriminatory for differentiating N. gonorrhoeae isolates and was congruent with epidemiological linkages. Novel porB sequences of N. gonorrhoeae and novel mutations of PorB proteins were identified.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".