Effect of Adult Colorado Potato Beetle Density on Dispersal Under Field Conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adult Colorado potato beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), released uniformly at densities of 2, 8, 16, and 32 beetles per plant, had an emigration rate independent of initial density per plant. The overwintered (postdiapause) and summer (prediapause) adult beetles emigrated at overall mean rates of 0.403 and 0.398 beetles over the first 4 h after release. The reduction in the mean percentage of released overwintered and summer beetles per plant over a period of 124 h after the initiation of the release followed an exponential decay model. Over that period, the emigration rate of overwintered populations changed faster than that of summer populations. The corresponding immigration rates into beetle-free areas (342.8 m2), which surrounded the RAs (37.4 m2) of the potato plots, were low. The overwintered and summer adult beetles immigrated at overall mean rates of 0.09 and 0.07 beetles over the first 4 h after release. A capture-mark-release-recapture test carried out using the eight beetles per plant density in 1998 showed that cross-contamination of the release plots was not a factor in the study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".