Optimal Allocation of ESS in Distribution Systems With a High Penetration of Wind Energy
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Environmental concerns and fuel cost uncertainties associated with the use of conventional energy sources have resulted in rapid growth in the amount of wind energy connected to distribution grids. However, based on Ontario's standard offer program (SOP), the utility has the right to curtail (spill) wind energy in order to avoid any violation of the system constraints. This means that any increase in wind energy production over a specific limit might be met with an increase in the wind energy curtailed. In spite of their cost, energy storage systems (ESSs) are considered to be a viable solution to this problem. This paper proposes a methodology for allocating an ESS in a distribution system with a high penetration of wind energy. The ultimate goal is to maximize the benefits for both the DG owner and the utility by sizing the ESS to accommodate all amounts of spilled wind energy and by then allocating it within the system in order to minimize the annual cost of the electricity. In addition, a cost/benefit analysis has been conducted in order to verify the feasibility of installing an ESS from the perspective of both the utility and the DG owner.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it