Observation of Electroweak Single Top-Quark Production
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report the observation of single top-quark production using $3.2\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $p\overline{p}$ collision data with $\sqrt{s}=1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The significance of the observed data is 5.0 standard deviations, and the expected sensitivity for standard model production and decay is in excess of 5.9 standard deviations. Assuming ${m}_{t}=175\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$, we measure a cross section of ${2.3}_{\ensuremath{-}0.5}^{+0.6}(\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$, extract the CKM matrix-element value $|{V}_{tb}|=0.91\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11(\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07(\mathrm{\text{theory}})$, and set the limit $|{V}_{tb}|>0.71$ at the 95% C.L.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it