Multiply-and-forward - A robust transmission scheme for two-way cooperative communication in the presence of nonlinear power amplifier distortion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We propose in this paper the idea of multiply-and-forward (MF) as a mean to overcome nonlinear power amplifier (NLPA) distortion in two-way cooperative communication systems using MPSK modulation. Compared to amplify-and-forward (AF), of which the relay broadcasts a scaled sum of the signals received from individual sources, the relay in the proposed MF system broadcasts a scaled product of the individually received signals instead. Through signal analysis and simulation, we show that the bit error rate (BER) of the MF protocol is unaffected by NLPA distortion and is able to deliver a second order diversity effect. In contrast, AF exhibits a high irreducible error floor in the presence of NLPA distortion. Actually, MF with an NLPA attains the same BER as AF with a linear power amplifier.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".