Preliminary modelling of the saturation of a full-sized clay and concrete shaft seal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A shaft seal was installed at the intersection of the 5 m-diameter access shaft of the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited's Underground Research Laboratory with a major, moderately dipping fracture zone (FZ) to limit the mixing of the saline groundwater at the zone below the FZ with freshwater at the zone above the FZ. The shaft seal consists of 6 m-thick clay-based material that is sandwiched between 3 m-thick upper and lower concrete components, and its centre is located at c. 273 m depth below the surface. This paper presents the results of preliminary finite element analyses using 2D-axisymetric and 3D geometries simulating the saturation of the shaft seal. The components in the analyses include the clay, concrete, intact rock and FZ. Of particular interest are the field-observed differences in the hydraulic pressures above and below the shaft seal. The results of the numerical analyses were compared with the 3-year monitoring data. The results of the numerical models showed that the decrease in the pressure difference indicates that there was flow path that connects the zones above and below the shaft seal. A preliminary long-term estimation of the shaft seal hydraulic response (up to 1000 years) was done based on the hydraulic pressure and excavation volume data, combined with the assumptions that that the groundwater level will eventually recover to the initial conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".