Effect of WO<sub>3</sub> on structural and optical properties of PbO-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glasses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Glass samples of compositions xWO 3 -(30-x) PbO-70B 2 O 3 with x varying from 0 to 10 mol percent are prepared using the melt–quench technique. The structural and optical analysis of glasses is carried out by using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), density, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopic measurement techniques. FTIR analysis indicates the transformation of structural units of BO 3 into BO 4 and formation of WO 4 units with W–O–W vibration are observed with WO 3 doping. Decrease of band gap from 2.89 to 2.22 eV has been observed and discussed. This decrease in band gap causes an approach to semiconducting behavior with WO 3 doping. It shows that WO 3 causes more compaction of the borate network by breaking the bonds between trigonal elements, which results in the decrease of optical band gap energy and increase of density.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".