A high-sensitivity phospho-switch triggered by Cdk1 governs chromosome morphogenesis during cell division
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The initiation of chromosome morphogenesis marks the beginning of mitosis in all eukaryotic cells. Although many effectors of chromatin compaction have been reported, the nature and design of the essential trigger for global chromosome assembly remain unknown. Here we reveal the identity of the core mechanism responsible for chromosome morphogenesis in early mitosis. We show that the unique sensitivity of the chromosome condensation machinery for the kinase activity of Cdk1 acts as a major driving force for the compaction of chromatin at mitotic entry. This sensitivity is imparted by multisite phosphorylation of a conserved chromatin-binding sensor, the Smc4 protein. The multisite phosphorylation of this sensor integrates the activation state of Cdk1 with the dynamic binding of the condensation machinery to chromatin. Abrogation of this event leads to chromosome segregation defects and lethality, while moderate reduction reveals the existence of a novel chromatin transition state specific to mitosis, the intertwist configuration. Collectively, our results identify the mechanistic basis governing chromosome morphogenesis in early mitosis and how distinct chromatin compaction states can be established via specific thresholds of Cdk1 kinase activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".