Central-transition double-quantum sideband NMR spectroscopy of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei: estimating internuclear distances and probing clusters within multi-spin networks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We introduce a strategy to estimate the size of clusters of recoupled homonuclear half-integer quadrupolar nuclei under magic-angle spinning (MAS) conditions, by combining double-quantum (2Q) sideband NMR experiments with an approximate numerical analysis based on the summation of all spin-pairs present over a given radius of the structure. The experiment relies solely on the evolution of homonuclear 2Q coherences (2QC) among the central-transitions (CT) of half-integer spins and is suitable for probing clusters in network structures, such as those encountered in large groups of oxide-based materials. Experimental (11)B, (23)Na and (27)Al NMR results are presented on bis(catecholato)diboron, Na2SO4 and Al2O3, respectively; in each case, the growth of the spin-cluster size was monitored from a series of experiments that employed progressively lengthened 2QC excitation intervals. Our new approach is the first option for probing larger constellations of half-integer spins; it provides similar information as the "multiple-quantum spin counting" experiment, which is well-established for spin-1/2 applications but has hitherto not been demonstrated for half-integer spins undergoing MAS. We also discuss various options for determining the internuclear distance within a (nearly) isolated pair of half-integer spins by comparing the experimental 2Q sideband NMR spectra with results from numerical simulations involving various degrees of approximation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".