Facultative parthenogenesis in Cacopsylla myrtilli (Wagner) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in northern Sweden: possible explanations for the occurrence of males.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hodkinson, I.D. & Bird, J.M: Facultative parthenogenesis in Cacopsylla myrtilli (Wagner) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) in northern Sweden: possible explanations for the occurrence of males. [Fakultativ partenogenes hos Cacopsylla myrtilli (Wagner) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) i norra Sverige och mojliga forklaringar till forekomst av hannar.] – Entomologisk Tidskrift 127 (4): 157-160, Uppsala, Sweden 2006. ISSN 0013-886x. The male of Cacopsylla myrtilli is recorded from Sweden for the first time. Systematic collecting along altitudinal transects in the Abisko area showed that populations at lower elevations within the birch forest consisted entirely of females, implying that this species reproduces parthenogenetically in these habitats. By contrast, males became frequent within the population at or beyond treeline, mirroring similar previous observations in Canada and Norway. Possible mechanisms triggering the switch from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".