Sex defines the age dependence of endogenous ACTH-cortisol dose responsiveness
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sex influences adrenal glucocorticoid responses to ACTH in experimental animals. Whether similar sex differences operate in humans is unknown. To test this notion, we estimated ACTH-cortisol dose-response properties analytically in 48 healthy adults (n = 22 women, n = 26 men), ages 18-77 yr, body mass index (BMI) 18-32 kg/m(2), previously studied at two medical centers. Plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations were measured every 10 min for 24 h. The 145 sample pairs were used in each subject to estimate ACTH-cortisol drive via a logistic function. Statistical analyses revealed that 24-h cortisol secretion (>82% pulsatile) fell in men (r = -0.38, P = 0.028) and rose in women (r = +0.37, P = 0.045) with age (P = 0.01 sex effect). The mechanisms involved decreased ACTH efficacy with age in men (r = -0.35, P = 0.04), and increased ACTH efficacy with age in women (r = +0.42, P = 0.025) [P = 0.009 sex effect]. ACTH potency diminished with higher BMI in men (r = +0.38, P = 0.029) and in the cohort as a whole (r = 0.34, P = 0.0085). These outcomes demonstrate that sex, age, and BMI modulate selective properties of endogenous ACTH-cortisol drive in humans, thereby indicating the need to control these three major variables in experimental comparisons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".