High Temperature Corrosion of Titanium Under Conditions Relevant to Pressure Leaching: Mass Loss and Electrochemistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The corrosion behavior of titanium was studied using mass loss and electrochemical measurements in sulfuric acid with Cl−, Cu2+, and Fe3+ additions up to 175°C. The corrosion rate of titanium in 30 g L−1 H2SO4 + 12 g L−1 Cl− solution at 150°C measured by mass loss was higher than 62 mm y−1. The corrosion rates of titanium under simulated pressure-leaching conditions determined by both mass loss and polarization resistance measurements were consistent, and also suggest that Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions are excellent corrosion inhibitors for titanium. Results from mass loss and electrochemical measurements all confirmed that the corrosion rate of titanium decreased remarkably with the addition of 1 g L−1 Fe3+ to the leaching solution at 150°C, and that the presence of Fe3+ is the most important factor for the growth of titanium oxide films under pressure-leaching conditions. In addition, iso-corrosion diagrams, with 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mm y−1 lines for titanium in H2SO4 solutions from room temperature to 175°C, were constructed from mass loss data.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".