Modification of the AMX membrane surface: Temperature dependence of anion exchange equilibrium
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In order to improve the selectivity of the AMX membrane, a polyethyleneimine (PEI) layer was adsorbed on its surface. Ion exchange isotherms of (Cl − /NO 3 − ), (Cl − /SO 4 2− ) and (NO 3 − /SO 4 2− ), using a modified AMX membrane, were established at different temperatures (from 283 to 313 K), with a constant total concentration of 0.3 mol/L and neutral pH. The results obtained with the modified membrane in this range of temperature show that chloride was the most sorbed and the selectivity order was Cl − > NO 3 − > SO 4 2− . Selectivity coefficients and thermodynamic equilibrium constants, determined for the three binary systems, increased with increasing temperature. These results were compared with those obtained with the unmodified membrane. It was observed that for the modified membrane, the selectivity towards sulphate ion decreased and the modified membrane became more selective towards monovalent anions. Ion exchange equilibrium at temperatures 283, 298 and 313 K of the studied binary systems were found to be endothermic processes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it