Climate Change in Western North America caused by CO <sub>2</sub> rise: A Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean Model Simulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study investigates the interactions between carbon dioxide, global atmospheric circulation and the climate of the cordillera of western North America in the twenty-first century under a relatively conservative Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Changed (IPCC), emission scenario through the use of a global coupled atmosphere-ocean model. Increasing global carbon dioxide concentrations result in rising temperatures and increasing atmospheric water vapour, particularly at higher latitudes where precipitation increases are most pronounced. The greater warming in polar regions induces a poleward shift in the position of the mid-latitude jets and reduces their strength throughout most of the mid-latitudes, reducing the formation of baroclinic eddies. Nevertheless, a simple model of orographic precipitation indicates that if relative humidity changes little in a warmer climate, western North America will experience substantially larger precipitation increases than the global average, despite weakening mean orographic forcing. R ésumé [Traduit par la rédaction] Dans un scénario relativement prudent sur les émissions élaboré par le Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l’évolution du climat (IPCC), nous nous penchons, dans la présente étude, sur les interactions entre le dioxyde de carbone, la circulation atmosphérique mondiale et le climat de la Cordillère de la partie ouest de l'Amérique du Nord au XXIe siècle en recourant à un système de modélisation avec couplage océan-atmosphère. L'augmentation des concentrations de dioxyde de carbone à l’échelle planétaire entraîne une hausse des températures et des quantités de vapeur d'eau dans l'atmosphère, notamment dans les latitudes plus élevées, où les précipitations augmentent le plus. Le réchauffement accru dans les régions polaires se traduit par un déplacement marqué vers les pôles de la position des courants-jets des latitudes moyennes et elle réduit leur force dans la majeure partie des latitudes moyennes, ce qui diminue la formation de tourbillons barocliniques. Cependant, d'après un modèle simple de précipitations orographiques, si l'humidité relative varie peu dans un climat plus chaud, les quantités de précipitations dépasseront largement la moyenne mondiale dans la partie ouest de l'Amérique du Nord, malgré la diminution du forçage orographique moyen.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".