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Record W2116881182 · doi:10.1093/cercor/10.7.633

How Many Maps are there in Visual Cortex?

2000· article· en· W2116881182 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueCerebral Cortex · 2000
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldNeuroscience
TopicVisual perception and processing mechanisms
Canadian institutionsUniversity of British Columbia
Fundersnot available
KeywordsVisual cortexLimit (mathematics)Ocular dominanceSpatial frequencyOcular dominance columnConstraint (computer-aided design)MathematicsOrientation (vector space)Pattern recognition (psychology)Computer scienceArtificial intelligenceNeuroscienceMathematical analysisBiologyGeometryPhysicsOptics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In addition to a topographic map of the retina, mammalian visual cortex contains superimposed, orderly periodic maps of features such as orientation, eye dominance, direction of motion and spatial frequency. There is evidence that these maps are overlaid so as to ensure that all combinations of the different parameters are represented as uniformly as possible across visual space. However, it is unknown to what extent geometrical factors limit the number of periodic maps which might simultaneously be present, given this constraint. This paper attempts to investigate the question by using a dimension reduction model to generate maps of simple, many- dimensional feature spaces onto a model two-dimensional cortex. The feature space included a model retina, plus N binary variables, corresponding to parameters such as ocular dominance or spatial frequency. The results suggest that geometrical factors do not sharply limit the ability of the cortex to represent combinations of parameters in spatially superimposed maps of similar periodicity. Considerations of uniform coverage suggest an upper limit of six or seven maps. A higher limit, of about nine or ten, may be imposed by the numbers of neurons (or minicolumns) available to represent each of 2(N) features within a given small region of cortex.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.662
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0060.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.039
GPT teacher head0.295
Teacher spread0.257 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it