WILKINSON, Michael, 2006. The Spirit Said Go. Pentecostal Immigrants to Canada. American University Studies: Series 7, Theology and Religion, 247. New York: Peter Lang, 129pp. Hbk ISBN: 978-0-8204-6394-0. $57.95.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This book is a case study of non-European Pentecostal immigrant congregations and their affiliation within the largest Canadian Pentecostal denomination, the Pentecostal Assemblies of Canada (PAOC), based on data collected between 1995 and 1998.The study links up with theoretical debates concerning religion, globalization and culture, and more particularly discusses the question of whether global relationships as a characteristic of globalization have implications for local religious life.As Wilkinson points out in the first chapter, the construction of contemporary global Pentecostalism -as it has reshaped Christianity worldwide and is interconnected with ethnicity, migration and transnationalism -is the background for this case study.Chapter two gives an overview of a number of key aspects of the globalization of culture that are significant for the construction of contemporary Pentecostalism, primarily drawing on the cultural perspective of Roland Robertson who discerns three features of globalization that contribute to the complexity of global religious change: global-local dynamics, poly-ethnicity and multiculturality, and the role of identity formation.Pentecostalism as a global culture continually challenges and changes conceptions of Pentecostal identity, such as debates about origins and about renewal movements.New sources of migration principally raise questions about Pentecostal identity and authenticity.Referring to the latter, Wilkinson concludes that the construction and transformation of Pentecostalism continues as identity is negotiated and debated, in this case through the migration of (non-European) Pentecostals to Canada.Chapter three reviews the state of research on immigrants and religion.Wilkinson states that most theories of migration still tend to polarize towards assimilationist and pluralist models, habitually limited to an analysis within the nation state.Recent American studies focus on the adaptations that immigrant congregations make while settling in the USA.In Canada important changes in immigration policy, due to a shift in sources of immigrants from Europe to the "Third World, " had implications for ethnic theorizing, but also for theorizing
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.037 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".