Effect of Short Steel Fibre Reinforcement on Laterized Concrete Columns
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports on experimental investigation conducted to determine the effect of short randomly oriented and discontinuous steel fibres on the structural behaviour of laterized concrete columns. Thirty fibre reinforced concrete columns of 150 x 150mm cross-sectional area and 1200mm in height and sixty number 150 x 150 x 150mm cubes were cast and tested. Fifteen fibre reinforced concrete columns were provided with 8mm mild steel links at 300mm spacing while the remaining fifteen (15) specimens of the fibre reinforced concrete columns were not provided with links except at the top and bottom of the bars to hold the longitudinal reinforcements in position. The mix proportion for this investigation is 2:3:6 (cement: Laterite/sand: Granite) with 0.65 water/cement ratio. The specimens were cured in water at different ages up to 28 days at temperature of 21o ± 1oC. The steel fibre was varied from 0% to 2% at 0.5% interval.The first crack load and ultimate column strength increases with increasing fibre proportion up to an optimum fibre content of 1.5% of the volume of laterized concrete. There is approximately linear relationship between the ultimate strength and the percentage of fibres in the laterized concrete up to this optimum level. Results also indicate that an addition of 1% fibre by volume of concrete can be an effective replacement for 8mm non-shear links in laterized concrete columns. It was observed that there was no appreciable effect of additional steel links on loading when fibres are present in the mix, showing that fibre reinforced laterized concrete short columns may be used without additional steel links in provision of minor structures, as well as low rise buildings, where nominal shear reinforcement is needed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".