DISCRETE VARIANTS OF EVENING GROSBEAK FLIGHT CALLS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We describe four discrete variants of the frequency-modulated flight calls of Evening Grosbeaks (Coccothraustes vespertinus) in the United States and southwestern Canada. Each call type is aurally and spectrographically distinct, and individual birds appear to produce only one call type. The observed geographic distributions of these call types are roughly concordant with described subspecies ranges. The long-term geographic distribution patterns of these vocal forms, and of genetic, morphological, and plumage correlates of vocalizations, warrant further study. Variantes Discretas de las Llamadas de Vuelo de Coccothraustes vespertinus Resumen. Describimos cuatro variantes discretas de las llamadas de vuelo de frecuencia modulada de Coccothraustes vespertinus en los Estados Unidos y el sudoeste de Canadá. Cada tipo de llamada es auditiva y espectrográficamente distintivo, y un individuo dado parece emitir sólo uno de ellos. La distribución geográfica observada de estos tipos de llamadas concuerda de manera general con las distribuciones de las subespecies. Es necesario hacer más estudios sobre los patrones de distribución geográfica a largo plazo de estas formas vocales, y sobre qué caracteres genéticos, morfológicos y de plumaje se correlacionan con las vocalizaciones.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".