Temperature Effects on Oxide Film Properties of Grade-7 Titanium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The passive corrosion properties of Grade-7 titanium (Ti-7) have been studied at elevated temperatures up to 150°C and as a function of time at a constant temperature of 150°C in 0.27 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution using a combination of open-circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. It was found that the influence of temperature on the passive behavior of Ti-7 depended on the manner in which the temperature was changed. If the temperature was raised slowly in 10°C steps, passivity was maintained up to 150°C, but metastable breakdown events commenced once the temperature was increased to ≥70°C. These events could be associated with the active dissolution of Fe-stabilized β-phase and/or TixFe particles in grain boundaries. Impedance analyses showed that the changes in film resistance and capacitance were observable but minor. If the temperature was raised very rapidly to 150°C, an observable film breakdown occurred, leading to a drop of >150 mV in corrosion potential (Ecorr) and the onset of metastable events. Over the subsequent heating period at 150°C, Ecorr increased substantially, and the events disappeared. The EIS analysis indicated the introduction of flaws in the oxide, leading to a substantial drop in film resistance. Over the course of several days, these flaws repassivated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".