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A Study on Water Utilization in Chinese Rural Areas

2009· article· en· W2117591948 on OpenAlex
Rong Tan, Ping Liu, Zhiyong Yu, Jie Cui

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

venuePublished in a venue whose home country is Canada.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueCanadian social science · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicWater Resources and Sustainability
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsChinaGovernment (linguistics)Resource (disambiguation)PopulationAgricultureRural areaInvestment (military)Economic shortageBusinessIrrigationWater resourcesIdeologyEconomic growthAgricultural economicsNatural resource economicsEconomicsPolitical scienceGeographySociologyPoliticsLaw

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In China, because rural population is great and agriculture is very important in national economy, rural areas have becomes a main sphere of water consume. There exist the problems of water shortage and water waste in the countryside. The conflicts of water resource supply and demand between industry and agriculture are very conspicuous. Various factors that include ideology, finance, technology, management and policy restrict the rational and effective use of water resource. The survey on the villages of Jia Ge Zhuang and Yao Bai Zhuang in Ji County, Tianjin reflects these problems. The government tries to solve the problems by making laws and policies, as well as affording financial and technology support to towns and villages. At the same time, it is necessary for the government to make officials and farmers realize the importance of rational water usage and saving by doing propaganda, coordinating the inter-governments relations, and defining the departments’ duties. For realizing the objective of rational water usage, it is necessary to take measures to construct and perfect irrigation installations by both superior and local governments’ investment and farmers’ labor force. Key Words: Chinese Rural Areas, Water Resource, Rational Use, Farmland, Irrigation System Resume: En Chine,la population est grande et l’agriculture est tres importante dans l’economie nationale. Les regions rurales sont devenues un sphere principal de la consommation d’eau. Il existe les problemes d’insuffisance d’eau et le gaspillage d’eau dans la campagne. Les conflits sur les resources d’eau fournie et demandee entre industrie and agriculture sont tres frequents. Les facteurs varies tels qu’ideologie, finance, technologie, management et politique limitent l’usage rationel et effectif de ressources d’eau. L’enquete sur les villages de Jia Ge Zhuang et Yao Bai Zhuang dans le pays Ji, Tianjin reflete ces problemes. Le government tente de resoudres les problemes par l’elabortion des lois et les poliques, ainsi que le support financierl et technologique aux bourgs et villages. Au meme temps, il est necessaire pour le government a render conscients les officiels et les paysans l’ importance de l’usage rationel en economisant par la publicite, en coordonnant les relations inter-governmentaux, et en determinant les tâches des departments. Pour la realiser l’objectif de l’usage d’eau rational, il est necessaire de prendre des mesures pour construire et perfectionner l’ installations d’irrigation par l’investissement des governements superieurs et locaux ainsi que les forces des labeurs. Mots cles: Les regions rurales chionoises, Ressource d’eau, usage rationel, fermier, Systeme d’ Irrigation

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.068
Threshold uncertainty score0.975

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.257
Teacher spread0.245 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it