Morphology of PA‐6 vibration welded joints and its effect on weld strength
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The microstructure of the heat affected zone (HAZ) in vibration welded joints of polyamide‐6 were studied using polarized light microscopy (PLM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). PLM images showed the existence of two distinct HAZ layers: an inner layer (HAZ‐I) with small spherulites and an outer deformed layer (HAZ‐II) adjacent to the bulk zone. The thickness of the HAZ‐I and HAZ‐II layers and the size of spherulites in HAZ‐I depended on welding parameters, such as weld pressure and amplitude. The microstructure study of molecular orientation, using birefringence, and crystal phase type, using FTIR, suggests that HAZ‐I originates from a molten polymer film, while HAZ‐II arises in the polymer in the rubbery state. Etched HAZ surfaces also show clear distinction between the two HAZ layers. Therefore, HAZ‐I is renamed as the recrystallized layer and HAZ‐II as the deformed layer. Fracture tests show that the weakest part of the joint occurs in the recrystallized layer region adjacent to the deformed layer. MDSC analysis indicates that the determining factor of the weld strength is the crystallinity of the recrystallized layer, not the thickness of HAZ. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2008. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it