Polysaccharide from<i>Patrinia heterophylla</i>Bunge Inhibits HeLa Cell Proliferation Through Induction of Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine was used to provide the novel basis for pharmaceutical drug discovery. In recent years, polysaccharides isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs were widely studied to find an additional treatment for cancer therapy. Patrinia heterophylla Bunge usually functions as a folklore medicine against leucorrhea, metrorrhagia, and metrostaxis. The bioactive compounds of Patrinia heterophylla Bunge, such as “polysaccharide,” were found to possess potent anticancer activity. The present study investigated whether polysaccharide of Patrinia heterophylla Bunge (PHB-P) inhibits the growth of human cervical cancer HeLa cells by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Detection of apoptosis was performed by DNA fragmentation and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining assays. Meanwhile, the distribution of the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. An immunohistochemical (IHC) assay was performed on the protein expression productions of apoptosis-associated p53, Bcl-2, and Bax genes in HeLa cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with PHB-P resulted in a growth inhibition effect, and the IC50 value was 52 μg/mL. Compared with the control group, HeLa cells generated apoptosis and accumulated in the G0/G1 phase with treatment of PHB-P (50 μg/mL). Furthermore, down-regulation of the Bcl-2 gene and up-regulation of the p53 and Bax genes were observed in the PHB-P (50 μg/mL)-treated HeLa cells. Our data suggested that PHB-P might act as an inhibitor of HeLa cell proliferation in vitro and might be a potential, natural apoptosis-inducing anticancer agent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".