Prosurvival Factors Derived from the Embryonic Brain Promote Adult Neural Stem Cell Survival
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Temporally distinct populations of neural stem cells (NSCs; embryonic and adult) display the cardinal stem cell properties of self-renewal and multipotentiality; however, their relative frequency and cell kinetics vary through development and into old age. We asked whether changes in NSC behavior could be accounted for by changes in environmental signals over time. We identified a prosurvival signaling cascade that enhances adult-derived NSC survival using cues released from embryonic neurons. Specifically, we demonstrate that stromal-cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) released by embryonic neurons leads to upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in adult neural precursor cells. The resulting increase in nitric oxide leads to the upregulation of the stem cell factor (SCF) receptor ckit on adult NSCs (ANSCs). SCF released from embryonic neurons results in enhanced NSC survival. Using both in vitro and in vivo assays, we have demonstrated expansion of the size of the NSC pool through this pathway, indicating that ANSCs retain their ability to respond to embryonic-derived cues into adulthood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".