Expression of x inactive specific transcript<i>(XZST)</i>and testicular morphogenesis in bovine fetuses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Inactivation of one of the 2 X chromosomes in the somatic cells of female mammals is the process by which their X-linked gene products are equalized to those of their male counterparts. In male mammals, however, a sex vesicle representing the condensed and transcriptionally silenced sex chromosomes is detected during early meiotic prophase. Since the exact stage of development at which X inactivation is initiated in the bovine testis is not established as yet, we undertook to study fetuses ranging in age from 30 to 180 days of gestation, to determine the transcriptional status of the Xist gene currently thought to be the prerequisite component of X inactivation. Our studies using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) approach with primers designed to amplify a 463 bp product from a conserved region of the first exon of bovine Xist gene, proved that Xist expression is evident in bovine fetal testes as early as 50 days of gestation and that it continues at least to the end of the second trimester (180 days) of gestation. Morphological studies on fetal testes during gestational stage spanning the period of Xist expression revealed the presence of large intra-tubular cells overtly resembling the prespermatogonia of postnatal bovine testes, at 50 days and preleptotene like cells as early as 90 days of gestation. We hypothesize that the expression of the Xist gene, or the recently discovered Tsix gene antisense to Xist in orientation, may be related to the presence of these cells which participate in the morphogenesis of the fetal bovine testis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".