Contribution of the type III secretion system (TTSS) to virulence of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The recently described type III secretion system (TTSS) of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida has been linked to virulence in salmonids. In this study, three TTSS effector genes, aexT, aopH or aopO, were inactivated by deletion, as was ascC, the gene encoding the outer-membrane pore of the secretion apparatus. Effects on virulence were assayed by live challenge of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). The DeltaascC mutant strain was avirulent by both intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection and immersion, did not appear to establish a clinically inapparent infection and did not confer protection from subsequent rechallenge with the parental strain. 1H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolite profiling of plasma from all fish showed significant differences in the metabolite profiles between the animals exposed to the parental strain or DeltaascC. The experimental infection by immersion with DeltaaopO was indistinguishable from that of the parental strain, that of DeltaaexT was delayed, whilst the virulence of DeltaaopH was reduced significantly but not abolished. By i.p. injection, DeltaaexT, DeltaaopH and DeltaaopO caused an experimental disease indistinguishable from that of the parental strain. These data demonstrate that while the TTSS is absolutely essential for virulence of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in Atlantic salmon, removal of individual effectors has little influence on virulence but has a significant effect on colonization. The DeltaascC i.p. injection data also suggest that in addition to host invasion there is a second step in A. salmonicida pathogenesis that requires an active TTSS.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it