Exploring a non‐dimensional varying exponent equation relating minimum spouting velocity to maximum spoutable bed depth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The equation $U_{{\rm ms}} /U_{{\rm mf}} = (H/H_{\rm m} )^{1 - (0.5\,H/H_{\rm m} )}$ was critically examined for spouting both in small conical‐cylindrical columns ( D c < 0.5 m) and large cone‐base or flat‐bottom cylindrical columns ( D c ≥ 0.5 m). For small columns, a data base of 36 points with experimental measurements of both H m and U m (= U ms at H = H m ) afforded some insights into the components of this equation and to the merits of the equation itself. For large columns, in the absence of verifiable methods of predicting H m , correlation of U ms / U mf as a function of H / H m , using the available experimental data on U ms , has not been achieved.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".