Motives Involved in the Processes of Mergers in Credit Unions: A Study in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to identify the reasons that led credit unions in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, to carry out processes of incorporation, based on the motives included in the theory of the firm and the agency theory: asymmetrical expectations, compensation and tax incentives, replacement costs and market values, seek for economies of scale, anticompetitive effects and pursuit of monopoly power and reducing the risk of insolvency. We investigated four credit unions that have undergone processes of mergers from 2008 to 2011, by interviewing six managers who participated in the processes of incorporation. Compensation and tax incentives, anticompetitive effects and pursuit of monopoly power were not motivating factors, but we identified the seek for economies of scale as a motivation in all the cooperatives studied. We observed that the cooperative has an organizational structure distinct from other kinds of business, but there is a similarity in their merging processes, because the underlying reasons inserted in the theory of the firm and the agency theory were identified as triggers for the mergers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".