Residual weeds in winter wheat in Manitoba
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cavalieri, A., Lewis, D. W. and Gulden, R. H. 2013. Residual weeds in winter wheat in Manitoba. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1195–1200. Winter wheat production has increased from a few thousand to several hundred thousand acres in Manitoba over the past decade. In the summer of 2009, a mid-season weed survey was conducted to establish a benchmark of the residual weed community in winter wheat in three ecoregions in Manitoba. Field histories and herbicide management practices were also recorded for all 84 fields surveyed. Traditionally important weeds in other field crops such as green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.], wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) were also the most abundant weeds in winter wheat. A species never observed in production fields, waterpod [Ellisia nyctelea (L.) L.] was documented. Neither Japanese brome grass (Bromus japonicum L.) nor downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), winter annuals often prevalent in winter wheat, were found.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".