Changes in Intracortical Excitability After Transient Ischemic Attack Are Associated With ABCD <sup>2</sup> Score
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief ischemic episode characterized by rapid clinical resolution and not associated with permanent cerebral infarction. Whether changes in intracortical excitability persist and are related to clinical predictors of stroke risk after TIA remains unknown. METHODS: Participants were individuals with clinically resolved motor TIA with no structural lesions and healthy age-matched control participants. Single and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to measure intracortical excitability. Recruitment curves for percent inhibition and facilitation were used to derive excitability thresholds. Correlations between threshold asymmetries and ABCD(2) score were performed. RESULTS: Results showed a significant 3-way interaction with reduced inhibition and enhanced facilitation in the affected compared with unaffected hemisphere after TIA. No significant differences were present in healthy participants. Asymmetries in intracortical inhibition and facilitation were significantly correlated with ABCD(2) score. CONCLUSIONS: The present study is the first, to our knowledge, to demonstrate altered intracortical inhibition and facilitation in the affected hemisphere after TIA. These changes occurred on average 2 weeks after clinical signs of TIA resolved and in the absence of structural lesions and were not present in healthy age-matched control participants. Furthermore, this study is the first, to our knowledge, to report that changes in intracortical excitability after TIA are associated with ABCD(2) score.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".