A portable microfluidic paper-based device for ELISA
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes a portable, three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic paper-based analytical device (3D-µPAD) for performing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). To run an ELISA, the device requires only the addition of a small drop (2 µL per test zone) of sample and six drops (75 µL in total volume) of buffer solution. All the reagents required for the analysis are stored in dry form within the device, and are dissolved in the buffer and delivered to the test zones during the assay. The innovative feature of the device, which enables the delivery of different reagents and washes to the test zones without cross contamination, is a movable strip containing the test zones that can be moved manually through the device, and stops only at specified points where the test zones come into contact with different fluidic paths that sequentially transfer (i.e., wash) the reagents into the test zones. Using rabbit IgG as a model analyte, we performed an ELISA in 43 minutes, with a detection limit of 330 pM. We also demonstrated the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it