Large scale validation of human N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene (NDRG)-1 expression in endometrium during the menstrual cycle
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A major challenge in the comprehension of the endometrial transformations leading to the completion of each menstrual cycle in humans is in the identification of specific molecular pathways underlying these monthly turnovers. Towards this goal we compared, by the differential display technique, the relative expression of mRNA in endometrial biopsies harvested in individuals (n = 48) either at the proliferative or the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. We isolated a cDNA fragment homologous to NDRG1 (N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene-1) that is present in markedly higher amounts in the secretory phase. Northern blot analysis and quantitative real time PCR experiments confirmed this result in distinct cohorts of individuals (44 and 560 respectively). A closer examination of data showed that the highest mRNA levels were found during the range of 25-28 days of the uterine cycle. Consistent with the mRNA data, the temporal profile of the NDRG1 protein showed a 15-fold increase during the secretory phase, as demonstrated by using semi-quantitative dot blot analyses (n = 92). Immunohistochemical localization revealed that NDRG1 was expressed both in epithelial and stromal cells. This large scale validation of the NDRG1 mRNA and protein increase in endometrium during the secretory phase is consistent with its differentiation-related function described in other tissues and its potential involvement in the window of implantation of the human endometrium, as suggested by previous chip-based evidence.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it