The malarial parasite <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> imports the human protein peroxiredoxin 2 for peroxide detoxification
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Coevolution of the malarial parasite and its human host has resulted in a complex network of interactions contributing to the homeodynamics of the host-parasite unit. As a rapidly growing and multiplying organism, Plasmodium falciparum depends on an adequate antioxidant defense system that is efficient despite the absence of genuine catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Using different experimental approaches, we demonstrate that P. falciparum imports the human redox-active protein peroxiredoxin 2 (hPrx-2, hTPx1) into its cytosol. As shown by confocal microscopy and immunogold electron microscopy, hPrx-2 is also present in the Maurer's clefts, organelles that are described as being involved in parasite protein export. Enzyme kinetic analyses prove that hPrx-2 accepts Plasmodium cytosolic thioredoxin 1 as a reducing substrate. hPrx-2 accounts for roughly 50% of thioredoxin peroxidase activity in parasite extracts, thus indicating a functional role of hPrx-2 as an enzymatic scavenger of peroxides in the parasite. Under chloroquine treatment, a drug promoting oxidative stress, the abundance of hPrx-2 in the parasite increases significantly. P. falciparum has adapted to adopt the hPrx-2, thereby using the host protein for its own purposes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".