Diagnosis and management of microscopic colitis.
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe microscopic colitis (MC) and a stepwise approach to its diagnosis and management. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE: MEDLINE was searched from January 1996 to August 2002. Controlled trials were sought, but due to their relative rarity, most articles cited are well designed retrospective studies and reviews. MAIN MESSAGE: Microscopic colitis in both its collagenous and lymphocytic forms is a relatively common and important cause of diarrhea in middle-aged and elderly patients. It usually presents as chronic watery diarrhea. Results of endoscopic and radiologic examinations are normal; specific histologic findings are seen on colonic biopsy. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, we suggest a stepwise approach to therapy. First-line therapies include antidiarrheal agents; second-line include bismuth subsalicylates and budesonide; third-line include cholestyramine and 5-aminosalicylic acid agents. When patients fail to respond to these therapies, oral corticosteroids or immune modulatory therapy should be considered. For severe unresponsive cases, colectomy is the last resort. CONCLUSION: Microscopic colitis is an important cause of chronic diarrhea. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, a stepwise approach to treatment is suggested.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it