Pulmonary Outcome in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether infants with hyaline membrane disease (HMD) superimposed on immature lung disease (ILD) have more abnormal lung function and respiratory drive during the evolution of chronic neonatal lung disease (CNLD) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW; <1000 g). METHODS: We measured lung mechanics (respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation, lung resistance, lung compliance, lung impedance, and work of breathing per minute) and respiratory drive (airway opening pressure 100 milliseconds after initiation of breath [P(0.1)] and maximal inspiratory pressure generated during airway occlusion) on 3 occasions before term in 24 ELBW infants. RESULTS: Ten infants with ILD (mean [95% CI] gestation: 24.3 weeks [23.1,25.4]; birth weight: 675 g [553,798]) were studied at 27, 31, and 35 weeks of postconceptional age and 14 infants with HMD superimposed on ILD (gestation: 25.1 weeks [24.4,25.9]; birth weight: 687 g [601,773]) were studied at 28, 32, and 35 weeks of postconceptional age. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups for respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation, lung resistance, lung compliance, lung impedance, work of breathing per minute, P(0.1), and maximal inspiratory pressure generated during airway occlusion. With increasing age, both groups demonstrated increased respiratory drive as measured by P(0.1) without significant changes in respiratory frequency or CO(2). Work of breathing per minute increased in the HMD group with age and was higher in extubated subjects. A similar trend with age was demonstrated in ILD infants. Regardless of whether the initial lung disease was ILD alone or HMD + ILD, ELBW infants developed a mildly reduced lung compliance/kg (.8-1.1 mL/cm.H(2)O/kg) and high lung resistance (75-125 cm.H(2)O/L/second) pattern of CNLD, which changed little after 3 weeks of age. Survival to 6 months was 23/24 (96%). Oxygen dependency was 16/24 (67%) at 35 weeks, yet only 5/23 (22%) survivors required oxygen at discharge from the neonatal unit (43 weeks). CONCLUSIONS: The visco-elastic and flow-resistive properties of the lungs in ELBW infants with CNLD remain only mildly abnormal, suggesting a more favorable prognosis for lung function in later years than previously reported.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".