Inexact Probabilistic Optimization Model and Its Application to Flood Diversion Planning in a Dynamic and Uncertain Environment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flood management systems involve a variety of complexities, such as multiple uncertainties and their interdependences, as well as multiregion and dynamic features. This paper thus presents an inexact two-stage mixed-integer programming with random coefficients (ITMP-RC) model for flood management in a dynamic and uncertain environment. ITMP-RC is capable of addressing dual uncertainties expressed as random boundary intervals that exist in the coefficients of the objective function. A case study of flood diversion planning is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. Results indicate that total system costs would be rising gradually with increased probabilities of occurrence, implying a trade-off between economic objective and system safety. A variety of decision alternatives can be obtained under different policy scenarios, which are useful for decision makers to formulate appropriate flood management policies according to practical situations. The performance of ITMP-RC is analyzed and compared with an inexact two-stage stochastic programming model.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".