An Empirical Investigation of the Effects of Controller Experience on Conflict Detection Ability under Free Flight
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The progression towards the implementation of Free Flight has raised concerns over lapses in a controller's ability to detect the presence of conflicts amongst multiple aircraft pairs. These concerns have been supported through numerous empirical studies. An issue that has not received much attention is the impact of controller experience on conflict detection ability under Free flight. In the present study, fourteen controllers performed a conflict detection task. Variables manipulated included experience level and traffic load and controller performance was assessed using response time and accuracy as measures. Results from the study surprisingly suggest that controllers with more experience take longer to ascertain conflict likelihood under free flight conditions compared to their novice counterparts, even when the age factor is accounted for. We attribute the presence of the effect to the greater reliance on conventional cues, such as a route structure, and postulate that the absence of such cues produce the observed effects. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it