Stable one-bit delta-sigma modulators based on switching control
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a globally stable arbitrary-order single-bit delta-sigma modulator architecture with continuous-time loop filtering. Using Lyapunov arguments and the method of equivalent control, it is shown that stability is guaranteed for any input signal with peak magnitude less than L>0, where -L and +L denote the quantization levels. The design augments the conventional delta-sigma modulator with switching feedback and the use of distinct operating modes; the additional circuitry required for the implementation of these stabilizing measures is nominal. For a given noise transfer function and fixed oversampling ratio, the new architecture achieves the same peak signal-to-noise-plus-distortion ratio as a traditional delta-sigma modulator. The proposed design can also yield near-peak performance for inputs which destabilize the conventional delta-sigma data converter. Simulation results are provided for the proposed modulator and a comparable standard interpolative design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".