A new, non-perturbing, sampling procedure in tracer exchange measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An isotope procedure for the tracing of ion fluxes and rate constants in intact plants is presented and applied to 42K-labelled potassium fluxes in cells of intact barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots. This procedure differs from conventional tracer efflux protocols in that tracer accrual in the external solution bathing the labelled roots is continually monitored by solution subsampling, whereas conventional protocols involve monitoring the specific-activity decline in a sequence of eluates that wash out tracer released by roots. The new technique minimizes physical disturbance to the plant system, while permitting excellent time resolution of efflux kinetics. In the high-affinity transport (HATS) range, the flux and exchange parameters determined using this method showed close agreement with those found using a conventional protocol. However, in the low-affinity transport (LATS) range, substantially higher influx and efflux were seen than are normally observed with conventional tracer techniques. It is shown that this difference is attributable to the greater disturbance-sensitivity of LATS transport, and conclude that the measurement of fluxes is much more difficult in this transport range than in the disturbance-resistant HATS range.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".