A new broadband monolithic passive differential coupler for K/ka-band applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new broadband monolithic passive quadrature differential coupler has been realized at millimeter-wave frequencies. The new coupler is implemented on a multidielectric layer structure to achieve a broadband performance from 15 to 45 GHz in a simple coplanar configuration. The coupler has been monolithically fabricated using the IBM SIGEHP (BICMOS 5HP) process. Measured return loss better than 20 dB, with an isolation of 15 dB, and adequate phase and amplitude mismatch have been achieved over 3 : 1 bandwidth centered at 30 GHz. This performance is especially important to the intended use with wideband double-balanced mixers and amplifiers. To shrink the overall coupler area, a slow-wave technique has been introduced, resulting in an overall size reduction of the coupler by almost 38%. The fabricated slow-wave differential coupler measured results show return loss better than 25 dB, isolation better than 15 dB, and phase and amplitude mismatch within plusmn5deg and plusmn1 dB, respectively
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".