Flow curves up to peak strength of hot deformed D2 and W1 tool steels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A high carbon, high chromium cold work die steel (D2) and a water hardenable carbon tool steel (W1) were hot deformed in torsion between 900 and 1150°C for the alloy steel and 900 and 1200°C for the carbon steel, at strain rates from 0·1 to 4 s -1 . The slope of the stress–strain curves, which represents strain hardening, decreased linearly then changed gradually to a slower linear decline before decreasing quickly to zero at the peak stress. On further strain, stress decreased to a steady state regime, indicative of dynamic recrystallisation. Kocks–Mecking analysis provided an activation enthalpy with an average comparable to the activation energy derived from a sinh modified Arrhenius analysis of peak stress. The alloy carbides of the D2 steel have the effect of raising its strength to over twice that of the carbon steel, accelerating the onset of dynamic recrystallisation but drastically lowering its ductility.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".