Numerical Modeling of the Impact with Structures of Tsunami Bores Propagating on Dry and Wet Beds Using the SPH Method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, the simulation of the impact with structures of tsunami-like bores rapidly advancing on dry and wet beds is performed using a three-dimensional numerical model based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Firstly, to validate the numerical model, physical experiments are simulated and a quantitative comparison between experimental and numerical results is presented. Secondly, numerical results of the propagation of bores on dry and wet beds are compared to the analytical solution of the shallow water equations. Furthermore, the resulting time-histories of the pressures and net force acting on a square column and a vertical wall due to the impact of these bores are compared qualitatively. To better understand the development of the hydrodynamic forces, a detailed analysis of the velocity field and of the water surface elevation is also incorporated. This study is part of a comprehensive interdisciplinary research program whose purpose is to help develop design guidelines for tsunami-prone structures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".