An Anatomy of IrisCode for Precise Phase Representation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
IrisCode, a widely deployed iris recognition algorithm, developed in 1993 and continuously modified by Daugman has attracted considerable attentions. IrisCode using a coarse phase representation has number of properties such as rapid matching, binomial imposter distribution and predictable false acceptance rate. Although many similar coding methods have been developed for irises and palmprintgs based on IrisCode, a theoretical analysis of IrisCode has not been provided. In this paper, we aim at studying (1) the nature of IrisCode, (2) the property of the phase of Gabor function, (3) the extension of bitwise Hamming distance and (4) the theoretical foundation of the binomial imposter distribution and extending the coarse phase representation to a precise phase representation. Precisely, we demonstrate that IrisCode is a clustering algorithm with four prototypes; the locus of a Gabor function is a two-dimensional ellipse with respect to the phase parameter and bitwise Hamming can be regarded as angular distance. Using these properties, we provide a precise phase representation for IrisCode with an effective implementation for filtering and matching. Practically, the imposter distribution of IrisCode follows binomial distribution. However, the theoretical evidence is incomplete according to our analysis
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".