Functional significance of skeletal muscle adiponectin production, changes in animal models of obesity and diabetes, and regulation by rosiglitazone treatment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Endocrine effects of adipose-derived adiponectin on skeletal muscle have been shown to account, at least in part, for the anti-diabetic effects of this adipokine. Recently, the concept of myokines has gained credence, and the potential for skeletal muscle to produce adiponectin has been suggested. Here we demonstrated an increased level of adiponectin mRNA and protein expression as well as protein secretion in response to rosiglitazone treatment in L6 muscle cells. This correlated with the ability of rosiglitazone to enhance insulin sensitivity for stimulation of protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation and glucose transport; rosiglitazone also corrected high-glucose-induced insulin resistance in L6 cells. Overexpression of adiponectin confirmed the functional significance of local production of adiponectin in muscle cells via elevated glucose uptake and increased insulin sensitivity. In obese diabetic db/db mice, there was a change in the adiponectin expression profile in soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle with less high molecular weight (HMW) and more medium (MMW)/low (LMW) molecular weight species detected. Induction of obesity and insulin resistance in rats by feeding a high-fat high-sucrose diet also led to decreased muscle HMW adiponectin content that could be corrected by rosiglitazone treatment. In summary, we show the ability of skeletal muscle cells to produce adiponectin, which can mediate autocrine metabolic effects, thus establishing adiponectin as a bona fide myokine. We also demonstrate that skeletal muscle adiponectin production is altered in animal models of obesity and diabetes and that these changes can be corrected by rosiglitazone.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".