Evaluation of photocatalytic activity of immobilized titania nanoparticles by support vector machine and artificial neural network
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on sackcloth fibre were used for the photodegradation of acid dye, and the efficiency of heterogeneous photocatalysts was predicted using the support vector machines model and artificial neural network model. Acid Red 73 was applied as a model compound. The experimental results were determined as the function of key factors such as initial H2O2 concentration, dye concentration, dissolved anions, pH, and time. The obtained results were used for training the models. To find the most suitable and reliable network, different algorithms and transfer functions were tested. The trial and error method was used to find the optimum number of neurons and layers. The root mean squared of error (RMSE), the sum of square error (SSE), and R2 for the models were calculated. Results show that support vector machines and neural network models can effectively learn and model the aforementioned process and predict the efficiency of photodegradation of coloured wastewater.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".